Hpv and anal cancer. These lesions may also form just outside the anal opening.

Hpv and anal cancer. Apr 1, 2021 · Objective: The current method for screening anal cancer is anal cytology, which has low sensitivity. , shares what to know about anal dysplasia. Modes of transmission for HPV include sexual Jun 11, 2025 · Overview Each year in the United States, about 47,984 new cases of cancer are found in parts of the body where human papillomavirus (HPV) is often found: 26,280 among females, and 21,704 among males. Just as in cervical cancer screening, the goal of screening for anal cancer is the detection of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), which when treated demonstrated a reduction in anal Feb 24, 2025 · Anal cancer (AC) is rare, but its incidence is increasing, although at different rates across countries and population groups. We’re also developing an immunotherapy clinical trial for these patients, which would be the first in the world to use circulating HPV-positive tumor DNA as a prerequisite for study entry. Learn more about other anal cancer risk factors. Jun 8, 2022 · Women are also at greater risk than men for the disease. org Mar 17, 2023 · Ahead, read more about the connection between HPV and anal cancer. Treatment Historically, anal cancer was treated by abdominoperineal resection (APR) with permanent colostomy. In fact, human papillomavirus (HPV) is believed to be the most common cause of anal cancer, with approximately 90% of anal cancer cases being linked to an HPV infection. Often, healthcare providers can cure anal cancer that’s detected and treated early. Learn about anal cancer symptoms, treatments and the role of HPV in its development. Screening tests can find some cancers early, when they are likely to be easier to treat. Summary: Anal cancer incidence has been increasing for several years and disproportionality impacts people living with HIV; people with a history of cancer of the cervix, vagina, or vulva; people who have receptive anal intercourse or play with multiple partners; and people who have chronic HPV. For the USA, increasing average annual percentage changes of 2·1 for men and 2·9 for women have Mar 7, 2025 · Cytotoxic chemotherapy is the standard of care for patients with unresectable and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal – a rare type of anal cancer often linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Understanding the relationship between HPV and anal cancer is crucial for prevention, early detection, and treatment. Recent studies have brought attention to the substantial impact of HPV-linked cancers in men despite historically focusing more on its effects on women. 5-2. 1 Rates are highest in HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), occurring in 85 per 100 000 people. 1 The natural history of HPV in cervical cancer has been comprehensively investigated. HPV causes about 37,800 of these cancers. Symptoms of anal Like anal cancer, HPV is the cause of almost all cervical cancers. Jun 7, 2024 · Researchers are investigating ways to screen people at high risk for anal cancer, such as those with HIV, using HPV testing and other methods. Fawcett had the squamous-cell type of cancer. The lesser-known cousin to the cervical Pap smear, an anal Pap test—or more technically, anal cytology—is a screening test that collects cells from the anal canal to determine if you have anal cancer or are at risk of getting it. Oftentimes, patients with anal cancer do not know that they have HPV until they are diagnosed with cancer and are tested. Get detailed information about newly diagnosed and recurrent anal cancer including risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment in this expert-reviewed summary. Since high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is associated with almost 90% of cases of anal cancer, the objective of this study is to evaluate whether testing for HR-HPV can optimize the screening. Additionally, it covers the history of HPV vaccination in both countries, addresses common questions, and highlights the Anal Cancer Foundation’s key role Abstract Introduction: Anal cancer is a rare malignancy with increasing incidence, notably in women. Get detailed information about newly diagnosed and recurrent anal cancer and treatment in this summary for clinicians. Feb 8, 2024 · Abstract Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has shown high efficacy against anal HPV infection and lesions in clinical trials, and the HPV prevalence and type distribution in anal precancers and cancer predict a high preventable potential for HPV vaccination. Vaccination against HPV is a highly effective method to reduce the risk of cancers related to HPV infection such as anal and cervical cancer. Find out more about anal cancer symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. The most common histological subtype is squamous-cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) with an annual incidence of 0. 2 Anal cancer caused by HPV infection presents with symptoms similar to anal cancer not caused by HPV. The increase in AC incidence is primarily due to the increased prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes 90% of squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC), the most common AC histology subtype. It is recommended that anal cancers are tested for HPV. Evidence‐based improvement in early detection and management of this morbid cancer is thus required. Guided by risk thresholds … Apr 1, 2024 · Human papillomavirus infection, the various factors associated with it, and smoking are risk factors for anal cancer. 1 Anal cancer accounts for only 4% of all malignancies of the lower alimentary tract, but its incidence is rising in high-income countries. Feb 26, 2021 · Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by anal cancer, predominantly caused by high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. May 9, 2025 · What is HPV (human papillomavirus)? HPV is a group of more than 200 related viruses, some of which are spread through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Perianal tumors (previously called anal margin cancers) are sometimes treated differently from anal canal cancers. Jul 1, 2019 · This test is an effective screening tool for anal cancer. Anal cancer may be curable with early detection and surgery. Knowing about these cancers and what you can do to help lower your Preventing Anal Cancer Anal PAP Smear and HPV Testing | Mount Sinai - Anal Cancer Prevention Program HPV Human Papillomavirus, also known as HPV, is a common type of virus . Dec 1, 2022 · To inform optimal approaches for detecting anal precancers, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of anal cancer screening tests in different populations with elevated risk for anal cancer. The virus itself, especially the HPV 16 and HPV 18 subtypes, can lead to the development of anal cancer. Chronic Data on carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in the anus are needed to inform anal cancer prevention through vaccination and screening. Risk factors for anal cancer are: HPV infection, especially HPV-16. This is particularly the case for people infected with HIV, who are at an increased risk of anal cancer. We compared type-specific prevalence of HPV in rectal SCC to anal cancer. Overview The Anal Cancer Etiology and Screening (ACES) study is a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, which seeks to evaluate anal cancer natural history and tests for anal cancer screening. It occurs in 1–2 per 100 000 people in the general population, increases with older age, and is rare in those younger than 35 years. Get informed on the prevention and management of this rare condition. HPV vaccination is one of the best ways to protect against anal cancer. The incidence of anal cancer is increasing. However, the real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccination against anal high-grade lesions and cancer is yet to be shown. Yes, it can. • Anal cancer is rare and most people who acquire HPV will not develop cancer. The study is designed to evaluate the performance of HPV-related biomarkers for detection of anal precancer among individuals from different Dec 1, 2022 · To inform optimal approaches for detecting anal precancers, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of anal cancer screening tests in different populations with elevated risk for anal cancer. This page explores the available HPV vaccines in the US and UK, including Gardasil and Gardasil 9, outlining their indications and target groups. The exact cause of anal cancer is unknown. Because of the association of HPV 18 with adenocarcinoma, endocervical sampling is acceptable at the time of colposcopy. Receiving anal intercourse. May 15, 2024 · The International Anal Neoplasia Society (IANS) developed consensus guidelines to inform anal cancer screening use among various high-risk groups. It is estimated that about 4,300 new cases of HPV-associated anal cancers are diagnosed in women Oct 27, 2011 · The rate of anal cancer is increasing among both women and men, particularly men who have sex with men. Most patients present with localized disease which has a high survival after definitive treatment with chemoradiation. . Anal dysplasia occurs when clusters of abnormal cells form lesions in the mucosa (“wet lining”) of the anal canal (between the anus and the rectum). Anal dysplasia is not cancer. But, over time, it can turn into anal cancer. Start here to find information on anal cancer treatment, causes and prevention, research, and statistics. Anal warts Sep 17, 2024 · In general, HPV is thought to be responsible for more than 90% of anal and cervical cancers, about 70% of vaginal and vulvar cancers, and 60% of penile cancers. What advice would you give to newly diagnosed anal cancer patients? Where you go first for anal cancer treatment matters. In the more than 40 HPV types infecting the anogenital tract, high-risk HPV-types and possible or probable high-risk types Summary Anal cancer typically develops over a period of years, beginning with a precancerous condition called anal dysplasia. Cancers in the back of the throat (oropharynx) are often caused by tobacco and alcohol, but studies 1 2 3 show that about 60% to 70% of cancers of the oropharynx may be linked to HPV. The American Cancer Society estimates for anal cancer in the United States for 2024 are: About 10,540 new cases (3,360 in men and 7,180 in women) About 2,190 deaths (1,000 in men and 1,190 in women) The number of new Dec 8, 2022 · What is the magnitude of change in all-cause and anal cancer–specific mortality that results from a specified change in anal cancer incidence (and change in distribution of anal cancer stages [i. Feb 13, 2020 · Key Takeaways Anal cancer incidence is rising among high-risk groups, notably HIV-infected MSM, due to persistent HPV infections and immunosuppression. Plus, learn how you can protect yourself from HPV more generally, as well as how to reduce your risk of anal cancer Data on carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in the anus are needed to inform anal cancer prevention through vaccination and screening. Some people at high risk for anal cancer are diagnosed by screening tests, such as the digital rectal exam and/or anal Pap test (described in Can Anal Cancer Be Found Early?). Anal cancer is a rare disease. However, the prognostic relevance of combined detection, particularly HPV-/p16+ and HPV+/p16- signatures, Human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary cause of cervical cancer, is also associated with the development of anal cancer. It highlights that HPV is primarily transmitted through skin-to-skin contact during anal and sexual intercourse and that while most HPV infections resolve without serious health issues, persistent The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the biggest risk factor for anal cancer. Fortunately, HPV vaccines are highly effective at preventing the types of HPV that cause cancer. Caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), primarily HPV type 16 or 18, anal cancer Rectal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignancy, and the causal role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in these cancers is thought to be similar to anal cancer. With anal cancer, malignant cells grow in the tissues of the anus. Infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important risk factor for anal cancer. Some strains of HPV that cause larger warts are not associated with cancer. You can protect your child from these cancers with HPV vaccine at age 11–12 years. Oct 18, 2024 · Symptoms With HPV Most cases of anal cancer are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). D. Jun 30, 2025 · This resource has information on what anal dysplasia is and how it can lead to anal cancer. All children aged 12 to 13 are offered the HPV vaccine. Two of these, HPV 16 and HPV 18 Aug 19, 2019 · Different drug combinations with radiation are being tested in clinical trials. HPV vaccines HPV vaccines are recommended for children and certain young adults to help prevent HPV infection that can cause some types of cancer, but the vaccines don't treat HPV infections that people already have. Anal cancer incidence estimates by age among risk groups provided the basis to identify risk thresholds to recommend screening. In other cancers associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV 16 It is important to remember that anal HSIL is not invasive cancer and that only a small number of people with anal HSIL develop anal cancer. Sometimes a doctor will find anal cancer during a routine physical exam or during a minor procedure, such as removing a Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and p16 expression have been identified to be related to the progression of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC). Understanding estimates of incidence across countries and risk groups is Dec 19, 2024 · The article discusses the significant link between HPV, particularly high-risk strains like HPV types 16 and 18, and anal cancer, with over 90% of anal cancers attributed to HPV infections. Support the NYSDOH Prevention Agenda 2019-2024 by educating care providers on the importance of HPV vaccination and increasing the rate of 3-dose HPV immunization among individuals with HIV. Jul 4, 2022 · The incidence of anal cancer is increasing globally. HPV is one of the most common causes. About 80% of anal cancers in the United States are squamous cell carcinoma. Some gay and bisexual men might have a higher risk of anal cancer. Mar 4, 2025 · Additionally, many anal cancer patients don’t know they have a strain of high-risk HPV, the forms of HPV that can cause at least six different types of cancer: Cervical, oropharyngeal (head and neck), anal, penile, vulvar and vaginal cancers. Talk to your child's doctor Jun 24, 2021 · Anal cancer is a rare disease that accounts for <1% and <3% of all new cancer diagnoses and gastrointestinal tumours, respectively. Common symptoms are rectal bleeding and thinner stools. Avoid unprotected anal sex, and use condoms to reduce the risk of HPV and HIV infection. May 16, 2025 · Anal cancer treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and/or surgery. Currently, the nonavalent HPV vaccine Sep 18, 2023 · Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has shown high efficacy against anal HPV infection and lesions in clinical trials, and the HPV prevalence and type distribution in anal precancers and cancer predict a high preventable potential for HPV vaccination. This is particularly the case for people infected with HIV, who are at an increased risk of anal Apr 8, 2025 · Anal cancer prevention approaches include reducing anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and transmission, and vaccination against HPV. Anal cancer is a rare disease, affecting approximately 8,500 people per year in the US according to the American Cancer Society. Infection with low-risk HPV (lr-HPV) anogenital types is associated primarily with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), which include genital warts or condyloma acuminata. Relatively little is known about the epidemiology of anal HPV infection among healthy females and its relationship to cervical Oct 5, 2025 · What increases my risk for anal cancer? Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection A weakened immune system A history of anal warts, HIV infection, or certain cancers Tobacco or alcohol use Receptive anal sex, or unprotected sex What are the signs and symptoms of anal cancer? Bleeding from your anus Blood or mucus in your bowel movements Small lumps around your anus Pain and itching around your anus Feb 28, 2023 · Anal cancer is often curable if it’s diagnosed and treated before it spreads to your distant organs. That's why HPV vaccines work best when given at age 11–12 years, before contact with the HPV virus. Most men that develop anal cancer are over 50 years old, although coinfection with HIV increases the chance of early development. Usually, it’s linked to an infection with high-risk strains of the HPV virus. In this blog post, we'll explore the relationship between anal warts and cancer, and d Nov 17, 2017 · Like cervical cancer, anal cancer and its direct precursor lesion, high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN), are caused by persistent infections with human papillomaviruses (HPV). HPV 18 has a relatively high association with cancer, and colposcopy is recommended in all cases, even if the cytology test is normal. Jun 13, 2019 · Similar to cervical cancer, most anal cancers (89–100%) are induced by persistent infections with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV16. Anal cancer is diagnosed more often in women than in men. , conducted a Phase II trial to evaluate The HPV vaccine protects against the human papillomavirus, which can cause various cancers. The anal canal is the area of the gastrointestinal tract that starts at the top end of the rectum inside Feb 27, 2025 · Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection poses significant public health issues for both men and women. Although most HPV infections will not develop into anal cancer, having had an HPV infection means you have a greater likelihood of developing the malignancy. Certain populations like people living with HIV, men who have sex with men, inflammatory bowel disease patients, smokers, and those with compromised immunity face elevated risk. A sexually transmitted virus called human papillomavirus Oct 23, 2024 · This JAMA Insights examines the treatment and rising prevalence of anal cancer in the US in high-risk groups, including people with HIV and immunosuppression associated with solid organ transplant. The Anal Cancer Foundation is dedicated to empowering anal cancer patients and accelerating prevention and research methods that eliminate anal cancer and the virus that causes the majority of cases, HPV. HPV has been detected in Jul 19, 2024 · Anal cancer is rare. Guided by risk thresholds … SRP provides national leadership in the science of cancer surveillance as well as analytical tools and methodological expertise in collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and disseminating reliable population-based statistics. Mar 25, 2024 · Anal warts, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), are a common sexually transmitted infection. , stage shift]) after screening? What risk assessment tools are available for use in primary care to identify adults at increased risk for anal cancer? Abstract Background: Data on carcinogenicity of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in the anus are needed to inform anal cancer prevention through vaccination and screening. Read about anal cancer symptoms, staging, causes, treatment, surgery, and diagnosis. HPV is a group of more than 150 related viruses, the same group of viruses that causes cervical cancer, as well as other kinds of cancer. May 23, 2019 · Dr. Compared to other HIV-related cancers, the number of people with HIV who have developed anal cancer while on HAART has actually increased over the years. More than 90% of anal cancers are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). A lump near the anus, anal discharge, bleeding, itching, and pressure are signs and symptoms. Additionally, it covers the history of HPV vaccination in both countries, addresses common questions, and highlights the Anal Cancer Foundation’s key role The HPV vaccine protects against the human papillomavirus, which can cause various cancers. How to reduce your risk of getting anal cancer You cannot always prevent anal cancer. This includes past and current infections. Learn about your options for diagnosis and treatment from the team at Memorial Sloan Kettering. While many strains of HPV are harmless and clear up on their own, certain types can lead to the development of cancers, including anal cancer. These cancers have grown into the anal Apr 4, 2025 · Anal cancer is a rare type of cancer that affects the anus (the opening through which stool leaves the body) or nearby areas, from the skin just outside the anus to the canal that connects the anus to the rectum. See full list on mayoclinic. 0 in 100 000. Anal cancers are skin cancers. High risk populations include HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), HIV-negative MSM, HIV-positive women and heterosexual men and women with a history of cervical cancer. While anal warts themselves are not cancerous, certain strains of HPV can increase the risk of developing anal cancer. Jan 17, 2024 · Anal cancer is fairly rare – much less common than cancer of the colon or rectum. HPV, especially high-risk types 16 and 18, is considered a necessary cause of anal squamous cell carcinoma. The most common cancer attributed to HPV in US women is cervical cancer, with 10,900 HPV-attributable cases being diagnosed every year. HIV-positive patients as well as sexually active gay men are at higher risk for anal cancer. Sexually transmitted HPV types fall into two groups: low risk and high risk. For patients who develop metastatic disease or present with this de Survivors of anal cancer should follow the American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer, such as those for colorectal, breast, cervical, and prostate cancer. Younger men in particular are also at risk of testicular cancer. Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor for anal cancer. Anal cancer, like other lower genital tract cancers, is mediated by human papillomavirus (HPV). Dec 18, 2024 · Anal cancer incidence is rising globally, driven primarily by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The type of treatment your cancer care team will recommend depends on the type of anal cancer, where it is, and how far it has spread (the stage). This can happen even if you don't have anal sex. High-risk HPVs can cause several types of cancer. Anal cancer cases have been increasing over several decades. There are 12 high-risk HPV types: HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, and 59. Aug 11, 2023 · This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of DNA HRHPV (high-risk human papillomavirus), mRNA HPV, DNA HPV16 isolated and p16 staining biomarkers in anal canal smears for identifying anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) 2 or 3, summarised as anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (aHSIL), and cancer. HPV and anogenital warts are a significant risk factor. Cervical cancer is the most common HPV-associated cancer among women, and oropharyngeal cancers (cancers of the back of the throat, including the base of Jul 1, 2009 · HPV has been linked to roughly 70 percent of all anal cancers, and is believed to cause 90 percent of the squamous-cell form of anal cancer. As identified in cervical cancer management, an improvement in the early detection and management of anal pre-cancer is essential. Julian Sanchez, a surgeon in Moffitt Cancer Center’s Gastrointestinal Oncology Clinic, says anal cancer primarily affects postmenopausal women and almost all cases are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Feb 12, 2025 · Anal cancer treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and/or surgery. Learn more. Many of these may be caused by a combination of Feb 25, 2025 · Increase the numbers of New York State residents with HIV who are screened and effectively treated for HPV-related anal and perianal dysplasia. Jul 30, 2021 · High anal HPV prevalence among young HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM highlights the benefits of gender-neutral HPV vaccination before sexual activity over catch-up vaccination. Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) increases your risk. 1 Globally, there were ∼40 000 new Jun 22, 2025 · Learn about HPV and cancer: types, transmission, risks, and how vaccination and screening prevent HPV-related cancers. Jun 27, 2024 · What causes anal cancer? Each year about 10,500 people in the United States are diagnosed with anal cancer. The incidence of anal cancer is rising worldwide. Learn how to prevent it and more. This disease is highly associated with HPV infection and its incidence and mortality are currently rising. 1 However, the incidence of anal cancer in Europe, Australia and the United States is increasing. e. It is most commonly caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). In Guidance for the prevention and treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) in adults and adolescents with HIV. Mar 3, 2025 · Recommendations HPV vaccination can prevent over 90% of cancers caused by HPV, as well as anal, vaginal, cervical, and vulvar pre-cancers (abnormal cells that can lead to cancer). Since the national HPV vaccination program began in Australia in 2007, there has been a substantial drop in diseases linked to HPV (such as genital warts). History of many sexual partners. Screening and management recommendations are similar to those for cervical cancer prevention. Most squamous cell anal cancers are linked to infection with HPV. Anal cancer prevention While it’s impossible to completely eliminate the risk for developing cancer, knowing the risk factors for anal cancer is key to taking steps to help prevent the disease. Anal Cancer Anal cancer is an uncommon type of cancer that develops inside the lining of your anal canal or around your anus. Other factors include getting older or having a weakened immune system. These lesions may also form just outside the anal opening. Get detailed information about risk factors and prevention approaches in this summary for clinicians. To address this, researchers led by Van Morris, M. HIV was shown to influence the natural history of HPV types, with the result that the fraction of anal cancer attributable to HPV-16 was lower in HIV-positive than HIV-negative anal cancer. Aug 1, 2023 · Low-risk HPV types may cause growths or warts but aren’t linked to cancer. HPV is a major etiological factor in anal cancer, with persistent infections leading to AIN and potential progression to cancer. However, this treatment has limited efficacy, and patients have a poor prognosis. Jun 15, 2022 · Like cervical cancer, anal cancer is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly HPV16, 1 and is preceded by a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), a precancerous HPV (human papillomavirus) is known to cause many types of cancer in adults, including cancers of the mouth and throat, cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, and anus. It was revealed that in 2019, HPV was the root cause of approximately 70,000 cancer cases in men. This type of anal cancer is often caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). We conducted a literature search of studies evaluating tests for anal … The most common types of cancer among men in the US are prostate, lung, colorectal, and skin cancers. It is not necessary to have had anal intercourse to acquire anal HPV. Oct 28, 2024 · Anal cancer disproportionately affects people living with HIV Anal cancer is caused mainly by human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly HPV-16. Colon and rectal surgeon Craig Messick, M. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common cause of anal cancer. Major prognostic factors are site, size, and nodal status. Despite potential benefits, standardized anal cancer screening guidelines are lacking, delaying diagnosis and This can also lower the risk of long-term HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia (a kind of anal pre-cancer), which might help lower the risk of anal cancer. There is also information on HPV as a risk factor, the symptoms of anal dysplasia, and how it's diagnosed or found. Cervical cancer screening involves scraping cells from the cervix and testing them for HPV, cancer, and cell changes that may lead to cancer. The exact cause of anal cancer is not known, but most anal cancers seem to be linked to infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). Most people catch it at least once during their lifetime, and most never know they have it. Jan 30, 2025 · Anal dysplasia is a condition in which cells in the anal canal change and become abnormal. In other cancers associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV), viral status and dynamics, including Anal cancer forms in the anus, the opening at the end of the rectum that helps pass solid waste from the body. HPV-associated anal cancer affects around 5,900 women and 2,690 men every year. HIV-positive MSM are a priority for anal cancer screening research and initiatives targeting HPV16-positive HSIL+. It helps protect against cancers caused by HPV, as well as genital warts. How did I get an anal HPV infection? • HPV is spread to your anus from skin-to-skin contact with someone who has HPV. h0o7d yby kgjwt cc6 ique qldh m7ui wjomtwjr t5m8v wnf4z